Hair waver



r Aug. 17, 1926.

w. MacDoNALD. ET AL A HAIR wAvER Filed Feb. 14, 1924 f Figa.

Patented Aug. 17,

ltlid F F i C E VJILLIAM MACDONALD AND HUGH MACDONALD, OF NVERNESS, SCOTLAND.

HAIR WAVER.

Application tiled February 14, 1924.

This invention relates to an appliance or apparatus for use in the waving` of hair by the method known as permanent hair waving, of the type in connection with which steam is adapted to be brought into contact with the hair wound upon a tubular or rod-like element (which may be conveniently referred to hereinafter as a hair waving bobbinl) so as to treat the hair with moist or humid heat. i

The object of the invention is to provide an appliancel whereby the steam from an eX- ternal source away from the head of the subject `may be supplied around the hair waving device so that the latter is enclosed or immersed in an atmosphere of steam and the hair subjected to the contact of a constant stream of steam, thus abolishing the use of local electrical heaters commonly employed and securing an abundant supply of steam, heat and moisture for the hair.

A further object of the invention is to provide an appliance for enclosing the hair waving device into which the hair wound or coiled upon a hair waving device may be introduced with facility. l

Various features of the invention will be hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying` drawings Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a jacket or tubular appliance according to one form ofthe invention showing a hair waving bobbin of known type located therein -for the treatment of the hair;

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of' a known type of hair waving bobbin appro. priate for use in connection with the invention;

Figure 3 is a central longitudinal section of' a modified form of jacket appliance for providing an atmosphere of steam round the hairA to be treated; Y

Figure tis a cross-sectional view taken on the lines A-A of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a de tachable or removable part of the jacket shown in Figures 3 and 4t;

Figure 6 is an outside view of a tube of the kind shown inV Figure l but of shorter length and provided with a lateral egress for the portion of a tress of hair which does not require treatment.

In carrying the invention into effect according to one form, the jacket for the hair waving device is constituted by a tube l of Serial No. 692,828.

suitable dimensions to include or enclose the hair waving device 2. Towards one end of the tube l, namely toward that end to be adjacent the roots of the hair, an annular channel member la isk provided with a nipple 3 to which may be attached a conduit l for conveying steam to the space within the annular member from a suitable external source. InsteadA of making the channel member l2L annular so as to surround the periphery of the tube l it may be localized to the position occupied by the nipple 3 or may extend over an appropriate segment of 'thetube The wall of the tube l included by the member lZL is provided with a series of orifices or perforations 5 (localized near a transverse plane towards one end of the tube) through which the steam can escape from the space within the conduit member la f,

and introduced laterally into the interior of the tube l or transversely to the axis thereof so that it may circulate around the hair on the bobbin 2, that is to say, so

that the hair is immersed in and in direct it enters the tube and is intended to prevent j 4the escape of steam from the tube toward the head of the subject.

Outside the rubber sleeve bearing cap a rubber cup 7a may be provided which also is adapted to fit over the tress of hair where it enters the jacket. rhis cup-shaped niernber 7a is intended for the purpose of catching any condensation water which may leak past the cap 7'. Both the apertures, for the hair to pass through, in the sleeve bearing cap 7 and cup a may be eccentrically arranged (see Figure 1).

Anyappropriate hair waving bobbin may be employed; for example such may comprise an outer tube 8 (see Figure 2) mounted upon a slotted ferrulev 9, the slot being provided for the purpose of facilitating the securing or tying of the tress of hair to the ferrule.

lltl

1n rear of the ferrule a rod 10 is provided which has on its outer end a manipulating piece 11, the arrangement being such that by operating the manipulating piece 11 the tube and iieriule maybe given relative rotary motion.

12 indica-tes a spring-locking device adapted to engage Withone or other .ot the holes 13 in the tube 8 in order to lock the ferrule with respect to the tube -in any adjusted position Vaiter the coil has been tightened. Y

1n carrying the invention into etlect according to another imode (see Figures 3, i and 5) :the single yWall acket has a `portion thereof removable. According to tlie form illustrated in the drawings the jacket is Iformed by a three-quarter tubular piece 14 adjacent the longitudinal vedges of which guideways i15 are provided for the reception or" an arc or segment-shaped strip or quarter-tubepiece 16, so that the latter may be slid into the guideWay longitudinally to con` vert the three-quarter tube into a complete 'tube or jacket. The piece 16 should be of substantially the saine length as the threequarter tube 14. `Either the Vthree-quarter tube 14.- or the segmental piece 16 is provided with a steam conduit for conveying steam from a suitable source and directing it laterally into the space enclosed by the jacket or composite tube. Y

In the drawings the segmental strip or part 16 is illustrated as provided with a conduit 17 which communicates with the interior of the jacket through perforations 18. It is preferred that these peiiorations'should be inclined or should occupy approximately a tangential position (see Figure 4c) with respect to .the fjacketso that steam issuing -from the conduit 17 enters the jacket and flows round the Wallsvith'a swirling or helical action. These perforations it is preferred to conne to the portion of t-he jacket adapted to lie adjacent the head of the patient so that the portion of the hair nearest r its roots is treated to the hottest of the steam issuing from the conduit. The conduit 17 may be bent upwardly as at 19, for convenience in attaching the conduit to a steam conveying tube 20, which communicates with a suitable boiler.

The outer end'of the composite or divisible jacket may be partially closed by a rubber cap or the like 21 Which has a central opening through which the steam may escape after having treated the4 hair.

The inner end of the jacket maybe provided Wi'th a cap 7 and cup 7a as described in connection with Figure l or the holes/for the passage of the hair may be central as illustrated in Figure 3.

Assuming that it is desired to treat a tress of hair Wound upon a hair Waving bobbin such as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the hair ai'ter having been drawn through the cap 7 and the cup member 7a is Wound upon the hair Waving bobbin 2 according to ordinary practice. The bobbin With the hair Wound thereon is then inserted through the opening in the three-quarter tube bounded by the guides 15, the segmental piece 1G having been removed. Vhen the hair Waving appliance is in position, the rubber caps 21 and 7 are fitted over the ends of the tubes.

For convenience in iitting the cap 7 its lipmay be reversed so as to lie over toward the cup 7 applying it to the tube.

-ln order `to position the bobbin 2 Within the jacket (Whether of the form shown in Figure 1 or Figure 3) a resilient tripartite spider 24er other support may be permanently iixed or temporarily slipped upon the device 2, sothat thelegs of the spider lightly engage .the interiorv Walls of the jacket. lWhere a. spider such as 24 is used a cap and cup member centrally,perforated should be preferably employed.

We Wish it to be understood that our invention is notcontined tothe precise details and arrangement of parts illustrated and described as such may be modified according to requirements or the circumstances attend` ant upon the application of the invention.

According to a modification of the form of device shown in Figure 1, a shorter tube 1 see Figure 6) may be employed, which is providedwith an elongated cap 6 having a lateral slot- 6a to permit that portion of the hairwvhich'it is not desired'to treat to be j `carried out of the jacket with facility. Sometimes it is desired only to treat a small portion otya tress ofhair quite close to the roots. In these circumstances a consider` able portion of the tress is left univound and presents a problem as to Whatis to be done with it and'liovv to get it outy of the Way. The provision oi' the slot 6a affords a ready means of disposing of suchfaportion ot hair asreferred to as such can be accommodated in the slot without the necessity of having to thread it through an aperture.

This form of the appliance may be looked upon as' providing a tube which is divisible transverselyand when the two parts, i; e. the short tube 1 and thel elongated -cap 6, aretted-'together an enclosing composite tubeor jacketj is formed for a hair waving bobbin.

Having now described our invention, what We claim as new and desire to secure by Letters -Patent is 1. An appliance of the type described comprising a jacket into which a hair Waving bobbin may-be introduced, means for conveying steam to the jacket from a source awayr from' the head of -the'jsubject, 'and means adapted to admit steam into the in'- terior space surrounded by the acket latera and then bent back again in ally thereof andtransversely to the axis thereof, so that the hair under treatment is immersed in and in direct contact with, a moving atmosphere of steam whereby the hair is treated by steam initially applied externally of the coil of hair.

2. An appliance of the type described comprising a tubular member having laterally arranged perfor-ations and adapted to constitute a jacket into which a hair waving bobbin may be introduced and means adapted to convey steam from a source away from the head of the subject to outside of the wall of the tubular member and to the perforations so that steam is introduced laterally into the interior space surrounded by the jacket and transversely to the axis thereof, whereby the hair under treatment is immersed in and in direct contact with a moving atmosphere of'steam and the hair is treated by steam initially applied externally of the coil of hair.

3. An appliance having the features claimed in claim 1 and including resilient means (such as, for example, the cap 7) deta-chably connected to the jacket and adapted to close one end thereof upon the tress of hair wound on the hair waving bobbin in a substantially steam-tight manner, said means having an orifice through which the hair is drawn.

4L. An appliance of the type described comprising a tubular member having laterally arranged perforations and adapted to constitute a jacket into which a hair waving bobbin may be introduced, means adapted to convey steam from a source away from the head of the subject to outside of the wall of the tubular member and to the perforations, so thatl steam is introduced laterally into the interior space surrounded by the jacket and transversely to the axis thereof, whereby the hair under treatment is immersed in and in direct contact with a moving atmosphere of steam and the hair is 'treated by steam initially applied externally of the coil of hair, and resilient means (such as, for example, the cap 7) detachably connected to the jacket and adapted to close one end thereof upon the tress of hair wound on the hair waving bobbin in -a substantially steam tight manner, said means having an orifice through which the hair is drawn.

5. An appliance of the type described comprising` a tubular member having laterally arranged perforations and adapted to constitute a jacket into which a hair waving bobbin may be introduced, means adapted to convey steam from a source away from the head of the subject to outside of the wall of the tubular member and to the perforations, so that steam is introduced laterally into the interior space surrounded by the jacket and transversely to the axis thereof, whereby the hair under treatment is immersed in and in direct contact with a. moving atmosphere of steam and the hair is treated by steam initially applied externally of the coil of hair, resilient means (such as, for example, the cap 7) detachably connected. to the jacket and adapted to close one end thereof upon the tress of hair wound on the hair waving bobbin in a substantially steam tight manner, and an orifice and detachable cap (such, for example, as the cap 6) for the other end of the jacket, the arrangement being such that steam may escape and the part of the tress of hair which is not to be treated may be passed out of the jacket through the orifice in the cap.

6. An appliance of the type described comprising a tubular member adapted to constitute a jacket into which a hair waving bobbin may be introduced andV having laterally arrangedV perforations localized near a plane transverse to the axis of the tubular member and means adapt-ed f to convey steam from-a source away from the head of the subject to a conduit upon the outer side of the wall of the tubular member and including the said perforations so that the steam is introduced laterally through the perforations into the interior space surrounded by the jacket and transversely `to the axis thereof whereby the hair undery treatment is immersed in and in direct vcontact with a moving atmosphere of steam and the hair is treated by steam initially applied externally of the coil of hair.

7. An appliance of the type described comprising a tubular member adapted to constitute a jacket into which a hair waving bobbin may be introduced and having laterally arranged perforations localized near a plane transverse to the axis of the tubular member, means adapted to convey steam from a source away from the head of the subject to a conduit-upon the outer side of the wall of the tubular member and including the said perforations so that the steam is introduced laterally through the perforations into the. interior space surrounded by the jacket and transversely to the axis thereof whereby the hair under treatment is immersed in and in direct contact with a' moving atmosphere of steam and the hair is treated by steam initially applied externally of the coil of hair, and resilient means (such, for example, the cap 7) detachably connected to the jacket and adapted to close one end thereof upon the tress of hair wound upon the hair waving bobbin in a more or less steam tight manner, said means having an orifice through which the hair is drawn.

8. An appliance of the type described comprising a tubular member having perforations therein and adapted to constitute a jacket into which a hair waving bobbin may be introduced,V means adapted to conveyT steam from a source away from the head of t-he subject to the outside o'j the Wall of the tubular member so that the steam may pass into the interior of the aclet to surround the hair under treatment With a moving atmosphere of steam, a cap having` a hole for accommodating a trees of hair adapted to fit over vone end of the .tubularI member, a rubber cup member adapted to `tit outside the rubber cap to catch any condensation `Water which may leak through said cap and a second cap having a hole for the escape of steam trom the interior of Lthe tubular member vadapted to lit o-ver the other end of the latter.

9. An appliance of the type described gconsisting of a tubular member comprising two part-s which .are separable one from the other and'which when united v:are adapted to constitute a complete jacket for the reception of a hair Wavingbobbin, one part having perforations larranged laterally'therein and a 'conduit toV which steam is supplied and which is in communication With said perforations so that steam .is introduced into the interior space surrounded by the jacket in a direction transverse to the axis thereof.

10. An appliance of the type described consist-ing of a tubular member comprising` two parts which are separable one from the other by a sliding movement longitudinally of the acliet and Which when united are .adapted to `constitute a complete jacket for the reception of a `hair Waving bobbin, one part having perforations arranged laterally therein and a conduitto Whichs'teamis sup plied and Whichis in communication with said perforations so that steam is introduced into the interior space surrounded by the j ac-lket .in a direction transverse yto the axis thereof.

ll. An appliance as claimed in claim 10 wherein one part is provided with a longitudinally extending lslot adapted to vprovide an opening through which the part of the tr-ess of hair not undergoing treat-ment passi l2. An appliance o't the type described consisting of a jacket forthe' reception of a hair-Waving bobbin which is divisible longitudinally into two parts, one being substantiajlly a three-quarter ltube and the other substantially a quarter segment, and means providing for sliding the two parts long itudinally and relatively to one another, one oit' the parts being provided `with a conduit for sujtiplying steam from a 'source laway r'from the head of the subject and having perforations to admit steam into the interior of the jacket to ysairroin'id the hair-Waving device therein Withian atmosphere of steam.

Intestimony whereof We have signed our names to this specilication.l Y y VILLIAM MACDONALD. HUGH kMACD()YNALD. 

